1. Main types and movements When grinding around the grinding wheel, the spindle of the grinding machine is laid out horizontally; when the grinding method of the grinding wheel is used, the spindle of the grinding machine is arranged in a vertical position. In the case of surface grinding, the workpiece can be mounted on a rectangular table that reciprocates linearly, or it can be mounted on a circular table that moves in a circular motion.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the processing of a surface grinder
According to the combination of the spindle layout and the shape of the table, the ordinary surface grinder can be divided into the following four categories:
(1) Horizontal-axis rectangular surface grinder (Fig. 1a) In this machine tool, the workpiece is sucked by a rectangular electromagnetic table. The grinding wheel is used for the main motion of rotation n, and the table is longitudinally reciprocated f1, and the wheel frame is used for intermittent vertical cutting motion f3 and lateral feeding motion f2.
(2) Vertical-axis rectangular surface grinder (Fig. 1b) On this machine tool, the grinding wheel rotates as the main motion n, the rectangular table makes a longitudinal reciprocating motion f1, and the grinding wheel frame makes an intermittent vertical cutting motion f2.
(3) Vertical shaft round table surface grinder (Fig. 1c) On this machine tool, the grinding wheel rotates as the main motion circular table to rotate the circular feed motion f1, and the grinding wheel frame performs intermittent vertical cutting motion f2.
(4) Horizontal-axis round table surface grinder (Fig. 1d) On this machine tool, the grinding wheel rotates as the main motion n, the circular table rotates as the circumferential feed motion f1, and the grinding wheel frame performs continuous radial feed motion f2 and intermittent The vertical cut into motion f3. In addition, the table centerline of the table can be adjusted to an inclined position to grind the cone.
Among the above four kinds of surface grinders, the surface grinder grinding with the grinding wheel end face is larger than the surface grinder grinding with the rim, because the grinding wheel diameter of the end grinding is often large, and the full width of the workpiece can be simultaneously ground, the grinding area Larger, so productivity is higher. However, when the end face is ground, the grinding wheel and the surface of the workpiece are in a curved line or surface contact, the contact area is large, the cooling is difficult, and the chips are not easily excluded, so the machining accuracy and the surface roughness are slightly inferior. Compared to a bench-top surface grinder, a round benchtop surface grinder has a slightly higher productivity than a round table with continuous feed and a loss of commutation time on the bench. However, the round table is only suitable for grinding small parts and large diameter annular parts end faces, and can not grind long parts. The table can easily grind a variety of common parts, including ring-shaped parts with a diameter smaller than the width of the table.
At present, the most used ones are the horizontal-axis rectangular surface grinder and the vertical-axis round table grinder.
2. The horizontal axis moment table surface grinder horizontal axis moment table surface grinder is shown in Figure 2. The grinding wheel spindle of this machine is usually driven directly by an internal asynchronous motor. Often the motor shaft is the main shaft, and the electric stator is housed in the body casing of the wheel holder 3. The wheel carrier 3 can be intermittently fed along the dovetail rail of the carriage 4 (manual or hydraulic). The carriage 4, together with the grinding wheel frame 3, makes an intermittent vertical cutting motion (manual) along the guide rails of the column 5. The table 2 is longitudinally reciprocated (hydraulic drive) along the guide rails of the bed 1.
Figure 2 Horizontal axis rectangular table surface grinder [/td][/tr]
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